Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc
The nonpartisan Center for Climate and Energy Solutions works to secure a safe and stable climate by accelerating the global transition to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and a thriving, just, and resilient economy. For over 25 years, c2es has forged innovative solutions to address climate and energy challenges. C2es engages our business council and other business networks to strengthen corporate climate action and mobilize business support for climate policies.
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc at a glance
In short: Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc gave $7.0M across 5 grants in 2025 (avg $1.4M), mostly in District of Columbia. Source: 2025 IRS Form 990.
- Annual giving (2025)
- $6,978,950
- +687.9% vs 2024
- Grants made (2025)
- 5
- +66.7% vs 2024
- Average grant
- $1,395,790
- +372.8% vs 2024
- Median grant
- $175,000
- Total assets
- $29,688,298
- +31.1% vs 2024
- Primary geography
- District of Columbia (99% of itemized 2025 grant dollars)
- Latest 990 filing
- Form 990, 2025 View filing
Data from IRS Form 990, 2025; updated September 2026.
Who Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc funds
How this funder distributes its grants
Top Recipients
Top 5 recipients in 2025
The largest 2025 recipient was Center for Green Market Activation ($6.3M). Together the top 5 received $7.0M.
Grant Size Distribution
15 grants across all recorded years
The most common grant size was in the $100–250K range: 5 grants of 15 (33%).
Geographic Focus
Where this funder awards grants
Grant Distribution by State
Share of 2025 grant dollars across all 5 itemized grants.
Cities
How Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc gives
- Giving grew 1027% from 2022 to 2025. Method
From the foundation's IRS Form 990 filings. Methodology.
Giving History
Giving Over Time
Total grant dollars and number of grants per year
From 2021 to 2025, annual grant giving ranged from $118K (2023) to $7.0M (2025). In 2025 it made 5 grants totaling $7.0M.
Grants by year
Grant recipients and amounts by year
| Recipient | Purpose | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Center for Green Market Activation Washington, DC | Center for green market activation launch and green market accelarator trucking and aviation | $6,317,450 |
| Resources for the Future Washington, DC | US Climate-Aligned Trade Strategies | $390,000 |
| Windward Fund Washington, DC | Corporate Finance for Climate Action | $175,000 |
| Resilience Rising NA Sacramento, CA | Catalyzing Climate Resilience Private Sector | $67,500 |
| World Wildlife Fund Washington, DC | Renewable thermal collaborative thermal energy storage and appropriations-related advocacy | $29,000 |
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Financial History
Multi-year comparison from IRS filings
| Filing year | Total Assets | Revenue | Expenses | Grants paid | Grants | Net Investment Income |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $29,688,298 | $18,710,584 | $20,611,639 | $6,978,950 | 5 | $668,080 |
| 2024 | $22,640,326 | $15,258,264 | $14,356,534 | $885,719 | 3 | $559,741 |
| 2023 | $21,689,536 | $23,088,647 | $8,382,929 | $117,850 | 1 | $133,211 |
| 2022 | $5,750,641 | $7,333,825 | $5,839,221 | $619,500 | 2 | $1,263 |
| 2021 | $5,506,660 | $2,967,227 | $4,066,953 | $500,605 | 4 | $9,304 |
| 2020 | $3,257,096 | $4,260,983 | $4,942,442 | — | — | $17,864 |
About Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc
Based on IRS filings
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc is a public charity focused on Environment & Animals, based in Washington, DC. IRS filing data is available from 2020 through 2025. As of 2025, the organization holds $29.7M in total assets. In 2025, it awarded 5 grants totaling $7.0M. Net investment income was $668K.
Focus Areas
Leadership & Key People
Officers and directors from IRS filings
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc is led by Nathaniel Keohane, President since 2023 (on filings since 2022); 12 of 26 officers listed in 2025 are compensated.
Officers on the 2025 filing
Nathaniel Keohane
President
President - Part-Year → President, 2023
On filings since 2022
37.5 hrs/week
$170K (2022) → $529K (2025)
Ann Klee
Chair
Director → Part-Year Chair, 2023
Part-Year Chair → Chair, 2024
On filings since 2020
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Leslie Carothers
Hr Committee Chair
Director → Hr Committee Chair, 2025
On filings since 2020
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Douglas Vine
Director of Energy Analysis
On filings since 2022
37.5 hrs/week
$114K (2022) → $151K (2025)
Amy Merrill Steen
Senior Director & Head of Global Carbon Markets
New on the 2025 filing
37.5 hrs/week
$188K (2025)
Nicholas Franco
Director of Corporate Net Zero Transition
New on the 2025 filing
37.5 hrs/week
$136K (2025)
Robin Johnson
Senior Director of Institutional Giving
New on the 2025 filing
37.5 hrs/week
$156K (2025)
Rose Luttenberger
Director of Advocacy
New on the 2025 filing
37.5 hrs/week
$142K (2025)
David Hone
Director
On filings since 2020
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Frank Loy
Director
On filings since 2020
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
John Schmitz
Director
On filings since 2020
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Theodore Roosevelt IV
Director
Chair → Part-Year Chair, 2023
Part-Year Chair → Director, 2024
On filings since 2020
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Roger Martella
Director
On filings since 2021
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Jeff Williams
Director
On filings since 2022
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Jim McGinnis
Director
On filings since 2022
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Maureen Raymo
Director
On filings since 2022
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Jane Park
Director
On filings since 2024
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Richard T. Thigpen
Director
On filings since 2024
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Robert G. Leary
Director
On filings since 2024
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
David Victor
Director
New on the 2025 filing
1 hr/week
No compensation reported
Bradley Townsend
Vice President for Policy & Outreach
Senior Solutions Fellow & Innovation Director → Director of Strategic Initiatives, 2021
Director of Strategic Initiatives → Vice President for Policy & Outreach, 2025
On filings since 2020
37.5 hrs/week
$104K (2020) → $217K (2025)
Brian Kelly
CFO
Director of Development → CFO, 2021
On filings since 2020
37.5 hrs/week
$129K (2020) → $215K (2025)
John A. Gerlach
Vice President of Communications
Senior Communication Manag → Director of Communications, 2021
Director of Communications → Vice President of Communications, 2022
On filings since 2020
37.5 hrs/week
$131K (2020) → $186K (2025)
Kaveh Guilanpour
Vice President for International Strategies
On filings since 2022
37.5 hrs/week
$181K (2022) → $284K (2025)
Verena Radulovic
Vice President for Business Engagement
On filings since 2022
37.5 hrs/week
$143K (2022) → $215K (2025)
Elizabeth North
Vice President for Strategy & Development
New on the 2025 filing
37.5 hrs/week
$271K (2025)
Former officers (22)
- Former: Amy Bailey (2021–2024) — Director of Climate Resilience & Sustainability
- Former: Amy Merrill (2024) — Senior Director of Carbon Markets
- Former: Jason Ye (2024) — Director of U.s. Policy & Outreach
- Former: Rosemarie Luttenberger (2024) — Director of Advocacy
- Former: Trammell Crow (2020–2023) — Director
- Former: Mike Twomey (2021–2023) — Director
- Former: James-Christopher Miller (2023) — Senior Manager for Finance
- Former: Martin Niland (2023) — Senior Communications Manager
- Former: Robert Perciasepe (2020–2022) — President - Part-Year
- Former: Brenda Mallory (2020–2021) — Director · Filing note: Resigned 1/2021
- Former: Chuck Barlow (2020–2021) — Director
- Former: Elliot Diringer (2020–2021) — Executive Vice President
- Former: James McGinnis (2020–2021) — Director
- Former: Jeffrey Williams (2020–2021) — Director
- Former: Kathleen Merrigan (2020–2021) — Director
- Former: Doug Vine (2021) — Director, Energy Research & Analysis
- Former: Louis Renjel (2021) — Director
- Former: Cari Boyce April - October (2020) — Director
- Former: Janet Peace (2020) — Vice President, Markets & Business Str
- Former: Jeffrey Bobeck (2020) — Director of Energy Policy Engagement
- Former: Louis Renjel October - current (2020) — Director
- Former: Nancy Meyer (2020) — Corporate Engagement
Data from IRS Form 990 filings, 2020–2025. "On filings since" is the earliest filing we hold that lists the person; hours are average hours per week as reported.
Compensation Overview
From 2025 IRS filing
The highest reported compensation on the 2025 filing was $529K, to Nathaniel Keohane (President). 12 officers or directors reported compensation on that filing.
Frequently asked questions about Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc
How much does Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc give each year?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc gave $7.0M across 5 grants in 2025, according to its 2025 IRS Form 990. In 2024 it gave $886K across 3 grants.
What is Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's typical grant size?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's median grant in 2025 was $175,000, and its average grant was $1,395,790, across 5 grants on its 2025 IRS Form 990.
Where does Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc give grants?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc gives mostly in District of Columbia: 99% of the grant dollars itemized on its 2025 IRS Form 990 went to recipients there. The most frequent recipient cities were Washington, DC (4 grants).
Does Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc give general operating support?
Not in 2025: none of the 5 grants with a stated purpose on Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's 2025 IRS Form 990 were described as general or operating support.
Who are Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's largest grantees?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's largest 2025 grantees include Center for Green Market Activation ($6,317,450), Resources for the Future ($390,000) and Windward Fund ($175,000), according to its 2025 IRS Form 990. Together they received 99% of its itemized 2025 grant dollars.
How large is Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc reported $29.7M in total assets on its 2025 IRS Form 990. Its revenue that year was $18.7M.
What is Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc is a public charity focused on Environment & Animals, based in Washington, DC. It holds $29.7M in total assets as of 2025.
What is Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's EIN?
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc's EIN (Employer Identification Number) is 54-1892252. IRS Form 990 filing data is available on this page for 2020–2025.
Data last updated September 2026. Sourced from IRS Form 990 filings.
Data update history
(6)
When this profile's IRS filing data changed on Grantable
- Updated Form 990 for fiscal year 2021 (received by the IRS November 8, 2022)
- Updated Form 990 for fiscal year 2022 (received by the IRS August 2, 2023)
- Updated Form 990 for fiscal year 2023 (received by the IRS June 27, 2024)
- Updated Form 990 for fiscal year 2024 (received by the IRS August 21, 2025)
- Added Form 990 for fiscal year 2025 (received by the IRS June 10, 2026)
- IRS filings on file for fiscal years 2020–2024
Live grants for the work Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Inc funds
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